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Fruits and barks extracts of Zanthozyllum heitzii a spice from Cameroon induce mitochondrial dependent apoptosis and Go/G1 phase arrest in human leukemia HL-60 cells

Identifieur interne : 000A78 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000A77; suivant : 000A79

Fruits and barks extracts of Zanthozyllum heitzii a spice from Cameroon induce mitochondrial dependent apoptosis and Go/G1 phase arrest in human leukemia HL-60 cells

Auteurs : Constant Anatole Pieme [Cameroun, Inde] ; Guru Kumar Santosh [Inde] ; Emmanuel Mouafo Tekwu [Cameroun, Turquie] ; Tülin Askun [Turquie] ; Hatice Aydeniz [Turquie] ; Jeanne Yonkeu Ngogang [Cameroun] ; Shashi Bhushan [Inde] ; Ajit Kumar Saxena [Inde]

Source :

RBID : PMC:4335363

Abstract

Background

Zanthoxylum heitzii is a spice used to prepare several dishes and to treat tumors, syphilis, malaria, cardiac palpitations, urogenital infections in the west region of Cameroon, but the antitumor mechanisms and chemical composition are not yet investigated.

This study was aimed to determine the antiproliferative effects of four extracts from the fruits and barks of Zanthoxyllum heitzii (Rutaceae) on apoptosis in human promyelocytic cells, their mechanisms and the chemical composition. The 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to determine the fifty percent inhibition (IC50) concentration of the cell lines after treatment. The effect on morphology was observed using a light or fluorescence microscopy. The rate of apoptosis and the cell cycle were measured using flow cytometry (FCM). The phytochemical analysis of the extract was carried with HPLC/MS methods.

Results

The phytochemical analysis of the extracts indicated the presence of four known polyphenols (Syringic acid, Juglon, Luteolin and Myricetin) in both fruits and barks of Z. heitzii but in different quantities. Syringic acid and Myricetin concentrations were between 17-21 fold higher in the fruits than the stem bark. Rhamnetin (393.35 μg/mL) and Oleuropein (63.10 μg/mL) were identified only in the stem barks of Z. heitzii. Among the four extracts tested for cytotoxicity properties, only the methanol extract of fruits and barks significantly inhibited cell proliferation of HL-60 cells with IC50 value of 20 μg/mL and 12 μg/mL respectively. HL-60 cells treated with Z. heitzii extracts significantly produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) with concurrent loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Modifications in the DNA distribution and enhanced of G1/G0 phase cell cycle arrest were observed in a concentration dependent manner.

Conclusions

Polyphenols from Z. heitzii plant exert inhibitory effect on HL-60 cells through the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and cell cycle destabilization.


Url:
DOI: 10.1186/0717-6287-47-54
PubMed: 25723957
PubMed Central: 4335363


Affiliations:


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Le document en format XML

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a spice from Cameroon induce mitochondrial dependent apoptosis and Go/G1 phase arrest in human leukemia HL-60 cells</title>
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<name sortKey="Pieme, Constant Anatole" sort="Pieme, Constant Anatole" uniqKey="Pieme C" first="Constant Anatole" last="Pieme">Constant Anatole Pieme</name>
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<name sortKey="Tekwu, Emmanuel Mouafo" sort="Tekwu, Emmanuel Mouafo" uniqKey="Tekwu E" first="Emmanuel Mouafo" last="Tekwu">Emmanuel Mouafo Tekwu</name>
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<name sortKey="Ngogang, Jeanne Yonkeu" sort="Ngogang, Jeanne Yonkeu" uniqKey="Ngogang J" first="Jeanne Yonkeu" last="Ngogang">Jeanne Yonkeu Ngogang</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country>
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<name sortKey="Saxena, Ajit Kumar" sort="Saxena, Ajit Kumar" uniqKey="Saxena A" first="Ajit Kumar" last="Saxena">Ajit Kumar Saxena</name>
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<nlm:aff id="Aff2">Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, 18001 Jammu, India</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country>
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<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">
<sec>
<title>Background</title>
<p>
<italic>Zanthoxylum heitzii</italic>
is a spice used to prepare several dishes and to treat tumors, syphilis, malaria, cardiac palpitations, urogenital infections in the west region of Cameroon, but the antitumor mechanisms and chemical composition are not yet investigated.</p>
<p>This study was aimed to determine the antiproliferative effects of four extracts from the fruits and barks of
<italic>Zanthoxyllum heitzii</italic>
(Rutaceae) on apoptosis in human promyelocytic cells, their mechanisms and the chemical composition. The 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to determine the fifty percent inhibition (IC
<sub>50</sub>
) concentration of the cell lines after treatment. The effect on morphology was observed using a light or fluorescence microscopy. The rate of apoptosis and the cell cycle were measured using flow cytometry (FCM). The phytochemical analysis of the extract was carried with HPLC/MS methods.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>The phytochemical analysis of the extracts indicated the presence of four known polyphenols (Syringic acid, Juglon, Luteolin and Myricetin) in both fruits and barks of
<italic>Z. heitzii</italic>
but in different quantities. Syringic acid and Myricetin concentrations were between 17-21 fold higher in the fruits than the stem bark. Rhamnetin (393.35 μg/mL) and Oleuropein (63.10 μg/mL) were identified only in the stem barks of
<italic>Z. heitzii</italic>
. Among the four extracts tested for cytotoxicity properties, only the methanol extract of fruits and barks significantly inhibited cell proliferation of HL-60 cells with IC
<sub>50</sub>
value of 20 μg/mL and 12 μg/mL respectively. HL-60 cells treated with
<italic>Z. heitzii</italic>
extracts significantly produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) with concurrent loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Modifications in the DNA distribution and enhanced of G1/G0 phase cell cycle arrest were observed in a concentration dependent manner.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusions</title>
<p>Polyphenols from
<italic>Z. heitzii</italic>
plant exert inhibitory effect on HL-60 cells through the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and cell cycle destabilization.</p>
</sec>
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<name sortKey="Tekwu, Emmanuel Mouafo" sort="Tekwu, Emmanuel Mouafo" uniqKey="Tekwu E" first="Emmanuel Mouafo" last="Tekwu">Emmanuel Mouafo Tekwu</name>
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<name sortKey="Askun, Tulin" sort="Askun, Tulin" uniqKey="Askun T" first="Tülin" last="Askun">Tülin Askun</name>
<name sortKey="Aydeniz, Hatice" sort="Aydeniz, Hatice" uniqKey="Aydeniz H" first="Hatice" last="Aydeniz">Hatice Aydeniz</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>

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